Yes, you can......
The only caveat is that they don't take away physically or mentally from your BP/SQ. Being smaller muscle groups, they shouldn't. I can vividly recall pre-workout anxiety prior to certain calf routines though. I used to perform the following:
Leg sled toe press: Full load for 20+ rep immediately followed by
Seat calf raises: Heaviest weight I could handle for 8-10 reps followed immediately by
Running in jump soles. These are those calf shoes you may have seen advertised that have the heel under the toe.
https://www.jumpusa.com/p14.htm?qts=goog ... 5QodSUojrw
You want to take strange to a new level? Run around your neighborhood in these.
I could not walk for 3-4 days, no kidding. Didn't/couldn't go to work. I could hobble, and managed to get vertical only by putting all pressure on my heel. I made one trip to the laundry room of my apartment complex that took 30 min each way. It was probably 150 feet and up/down a few flights of stairs.
I have been cursed with "high" calves but never gave up. Today, I finally have "decent" calves, which is a huge step up from where they were. I'll see if i can post a pic or 2.
In all honesty, I think what has helped the most are hip belt squats, heavy sled dragging and sprints. That and 25 years of never giving up...
So yes, train them. One note: Do not perform standing calf raises with weight on your shoulders/back. This has a CNS impact and isn't optimal, anyway. Better to use the sled or belt around the waist. Here again the hip belt/loading pin combination is gold.